Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is widely recognized as dangerous, but drowsy driving, which similarly impairs judgment and reaction times, often goes unnoticed. Surprisingly, over 11 million individuals confess to having either an accident or a near-miss because they dozed off while driving. This issue spans across all demographics—men, women, seasoned drivers, and even those fresh from driver’s education.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that drowsy driving is responsible for approximately 100,000 police-reported crashes annually. The consequences are stark, with these crashes resulting in about 1,550 fatalities, 71,000 injuries, and a monetary loss of $12.5 billion each year.

Who is Most at Risk?

Virtually anyone could fall asleep at the wheel, but certain groups are at a higher risk:

• Teen Drivers: With their erratic schedules and the demands of school activities, teens often struggle to get adequate sleep. Statistics show that nearly half of high school students sleep less than eight hours on school nights.

• Night Shift Workers: Those working night or rotating shifts are six times more likely to be involved in crashes due to drowsiness.

• Business Travelers: Frequent travel across different time zones can disrupt normal sleep patterns and impair driving abilities.

Recognizing the Signs of Drowsiness

It can be challenging to predict exactly when you might fall asleep, but certain signs can alert you to the fact that you are too tired to drive safely:

• Repeated yawning or eye-rubbing
• Drifting from your lane
• Tailgating
• Missing traffic signs or exits
• Irritability or aggression
• Slowed reaction times and poor judgment
• Difficulty keeping your eyes open
• Experiencing microsleeps—brief episodes of sleep lasting a few seconds

Research indicates that staying awake for over 20 hours can impair you as much as having a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08%, the legal limit across all states. Further, those with sleep disorders like mild to moderate sleep apnea can perform even worse than individuals with a BAC of 0.06%. Combining sleep deprivation with alcohol significantly magnifies impairment.

Tips to Prevent Drowsy Driving Crashes

The most effective way to prevent accidents caused by drowsy driving is to consistently get enough sleep. Additionally, if you suffer from a sleep disorder such as Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) or insomnia, seeking treatment is crucial. Here are some Do’s and Don’ts to ensure safety on the road:

Do:

• Pull over to rest if you show any signs of fatigue.
• Take a short nap (about 15-20 minutes) to re-energize before continuing.
• Consume caffeine, as two cups of coffee can enhance alertness for several hours.
• Share driving responsibilities with a friend when possible.

Don’t:

• Drive when you feel tired or have taken medication that induces drowsiness.
• Drive during your usual sleeping hours.
• Drive even after consuming small amounts of alcohol.

If you start feeling sleepy while driving, consider alternative transportation options such as riding with a friend or hailing a taxi. Making such a choice could be lifesaving for you and others on the road.